American English Pronunciation Books and Cassettes

Race And Reunion, By David Blight - 882 Words

As David Blight says in his novel, Race and Reunion, after the Civil War and emancipation, Americans were faced with the overwhelming task of trying to understand the relationship between â€Å"two profound ideas—healing and justice.† While he admits that both had to occur on some level, healing from the war was not the same â€Å"proposition† for many whites, especially veterans, as doing justice for the millions of emancipated slaves and their descendants (Blight 3). Blight claims that African Americans did not want an apology for slavery, but instead a helping hand. Thus, after the Civil War, two visions of Civil War memory arose and combined: the reconciliationist vison, which focused on the issue of dealing with the dead from the battlefields, hospitals, and prisons, and the emancipationist vision, which focused on African Americans’ remembrance of their own freedom and in conceptions of the war as the â€Å"liberation of [African Americans] to citiz enship and Constitutional equality† (Blight 2). The era of Reconstruction was a fourteen-year period following the Civil War filled with political and constitutional strife, extreme suffering, grand political ambitions and huge turns in race relations and human rights (Blight 32). During this period, many Americans realized that remembering the war â€Å"became, with time, easier than struggling over the enduring ideas for which those battles had been fought† (Blight 31). To people such as Frederick Douglass, a reborn United States could notShow MoreRelatedRace And Reunion : The Civil War1581 Words   |  7 PagesThe theme of race and reunion had become a competition for memories with vastly different aspirations between the north and the south. Striving for a reunion, a majority of American white communities close obscure the civil war racial narrative would only fade. In race and reunion: The Civil War in American memory, by David Blight, represents how Americans chose to remember the Civil War conflict, from the beginni ng of the turning point of the war. The two major themes race and reunion, demonstrateRead MoreThe Beginning Of The Civil War1289 Words   |  6 PagesJuan Moreno U.S. History 102 Mr. Anderson Period 6 February 4, 2015 Blight Revised At the beginning of the Civil War the reasoning was nothing but clear. It can’t be ignored that the Civil War was in fact about slavery and that slavery was an issue â€Å"resolved† by the Civil War. Yes the war was initially about race and how the country â€Å"needed† to free slaves, David W. Blight states it, â€Å"The emancipationist vision, embodied in African Americans’ complex remembrance of their own freedom, their politicsRead MoreSouthern Secession and the Causes for the Civil War1025 Words   |  4 PagesNeo-Confederate Reader: The Great Truth about the Lost Cause. Here, the editors have assembled an impressive anthology of primary source material that shows how central the issue of slavery was to the participants in the secessionist movement, and race to the confederates and neo-confederates since the war. The goal of the editor’s was to discredit what they perceive to be an increasingly propagated narrative of why the South seceded an d why the Civil War was fought. Surveys were done around theRead MoreEssay on Life of Frederick Douglass Book Review1383 Words   |  6 Pagesintroduction by David W. Blight, an American History teacher. Blight was born in 1949 and raised in Flint, Michigan. After achieving his undergraduate degree he taught for seven years in a public high school, before he received his PhD at University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1985. After teaching at Harvard and North Central College, Blight was a professor of American History at Yale University and Director of the Gilder-Lehrman Center for the Study of Slavery, Resistance and Abolition. Blight was alsoRead MoreSlavery And The Civil War1641 Words   |  7 Pagesto light the works and questions that most historians have: citizenship, freedom, race, federalism, morality, if there s a possibility of making a moral choice, and the Constitution. These questions have no end to in clear and mysterious arguments of Civil War historiography, for example, the discussion of issues between Kenneth M. Stampp and Eugene Genovese over the economic aspect of American slavery, also David Brion Davis, and Thomas Haskell s argued over abolitionist motives, and the listRead MoreHistoriography of the Reconstruction Era2240 Words   |  9 Pageshelpless blacks changed the popular opinion of blacks and made it easier for people to sympathize and accept the changes caused by the Civi l Rights Movement. The most recent scholarship, works written by historians such as Heather Cox Richardson and David Blight has only added to the neoabolitionists’ altered view of Reconstruction’s failures and successes. In The Death of Reconstruction, Richardson explains how the entire nation was changed by the Reconstruction with â€Å"most of [the changes] tak[ing] placeRead MoreMalcolm X: Historical Perceptions3235 Words   |  13 Pagescommunist uprising/revolution. Again, like the Red Scare of the 1920s and the McCarthyism of 1950s, ‘the fear of an outbreak of a socialist, communist or a race uprising led to re-assertion of conservatism coupled with so-called traditional American values within white upper and middle class America. Woods, specifically through his Race, Desegregation and the American Way (1972) and The History of the American Civil Rights Movement (1973), deconstructs the figure of Malcolm X according to theRead MoreEmancipation And The Historical Memory Of Rec onstruction Essay2661 Words   |  11 PagesUniversity, received his BS from Ball State University (1988) and both his MA (1992) and doctorate (2000) from the University of Cincinnati. He is known for his publications in the fields of African American history/studies, early American history, and race relation studies. After the ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment and into the Reconstruction era, African Americans struggled to become equal citizens of the nation and produced a number of important and remarkable leaders who demonstrated toRead MoreThe Broken Promise of Reconstruction the Need for Restitution5574 Words   |  23 Pagesongoing mystery when he had a capable Vice-President in Hamlin. David Herbert Donald in his book37 â€Å"We Are Lincoln Men† says that Lincoln maintained a discreet silence when the 1864 Convention was selecting a Vice-Presidential nominee. He thinks that Lincoln did not think much about the office and that was the reason for not voicing his opinion. Donald has this piece in a larger segment regarding Lincoln’s dearth of close friends. David Donald is of the opinion that if Lincoln had consulted with intimateRead More50 Harmful Effects of Genetically Modified (Gm) Foods14312 Words   |  58 PagesIn just those three years, as much as 1/4th of all A merican agricultural lands or 70-80 million acres were quickly converted to raise genetically-modified (GM) food and crops. And in the race to increase GM crop production verses organics, the former is winning. For details, see our article Who is Winning The Race Between GM Global and Organic Crop Production? Core Philosophical Issues When Gandhi confronted British rule and Martin Luther King addressed those who disenfranchised Afro-Americans,

Social Media Marketing Influencing Customer Satisfaction

Question: Discuss about the Social Media for Influencing Customer Satisfaction. Answer: Introduction The purpose of this assignment is to emphasize on the use of social media marketing along with the most used social media platforms. Nowadays, social media has become the most useful marketing tool for the contemporary businesses. The aim of the organizations is to communicate with the external stakeholders in order to increase brand value and customer retention (Kaur 2016). On the other hand, the social media trend has increased among people, which makes popularity of such platforms. There are certain platforms such as Facebook, Twitter and Instagram, which are used by the contemporary organizations in order to increase product or service awareness among the target market. In this assignment, the use of social media has been evaluated. Apart from that, this assignment has identified the most commonly used social media platform. Use of social media Nowadays, social media marketing is the globally acknowledged marketing strategy through which organizations can reach to the consumers within a short time span. In this technological era, people are very much connected with social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter and Instagram (Shaikh et al. 2016). Therefore, the companies are promoting their offerings through these platforms in order to increase awareness and create an online presence of the brand. For example, Tesco is one of the most reputed retail chains in global market, which has implemented social media marketing through Facebook and Instagram (Mooney and Slobodian 2016). The company uses to post their offerings and discussion portals in order to build healthy communication with the consumers. On the other hand, McDonalds and Dominos are the leading food chain organizations in global market. These companies are posting their offerings through Instagram in order to increase awareness among the stakeholders. Social media marketing is one of the most useful marketing platform through which it is possible to communicate with the consumers directly. This marketing strategy helps organizations to address issues faced by the consumers. In this marketing strategy, it is highly important to acknowledge every customer individually (Khler and Grnder 2016). Apart from that, social media marketing helps the companies to build an online presence in global market. The purpose of using this particular marketing platform is to increase trust level among the consumers. The trend of social media marketing has increased over the past decades. Global organizations have targeted their preferred this marketing platform as the best way for promoting the offerings (Karlsson 2016). Therefore, it has been noted that social media has given huge opportunity to the domestic and global organizations in an effective manner. In order to satisfy consumers, it is highly important to understand consumers needs and requir ements. In social media, it is possible to communicate with the consumers efficiently. Apart from that, here it is very easy to gather consumers feedback regarding companys offerings. As a result, companies can easily evaluate consumers requirement in order to improve product or service quality. Social media platforms Facebook, Twitter and Instagram are the social media platforms through which an organization can communicate with the consumers. Nowadays, companies are promoting their offerings through Facebook page. The use of Instagram is completely related with the Facebook platform, as the post needs to be shared through the Facebook page only (Agnihotri et al. 2016). Therefore, it can be said that Facebook is the most common social media platform that is being used by most of the companies in global market. This platform helps the companies to conduct appropriate market segmentation, as this platform allow to segregate people based on their interest (Mooney and Slobodian 2016). Through Facebook, the companies are reaching out to the appropriate target market in order to conduct promotion. Therefore, it can be said that Facebook is the globally acknowledge social media platform, which helps to increase brand recall power of consumers. Conclusion While concluding, it can be said that the global companies have recognized social media marketing as the best marketing platform. This marketing strategy helps the companies to develop strong communication with the stakeholders in an efficient manner. Moreover, this marketing strategy helps to build an efficient online presence through which it is possible to influence consumers perception about the brand. In this assignment, several social media platforms have been identified. Facebook, Twitter and Instagram are the examples of social media platform in which Facebook is the most useful social media platform. Through this platform, companies can segregate the target market in accordance with their requirement. The discussion shade light on the usefulness of social media marketing. Apart from that, it has elaborated the use of most used social media platform, which is Facebook. Reference List Agnihotri, R., Dingus, R., Hu, M.Y. and Krush, M.T., 2016. Social media: Influencing customer satisfaction in B2B sales.Industrial Marketing Management,53, pp.172-180 Karlsson, K.M., 2016. Marketing through Instagram Kaur, G., 2016. Social Media Marketing.Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies,4(7) Khler, A. and Grnder, M., 2016. Social Media-Marketing. InOnline-Marketing fr die erfolgreiche Zahnarztpraxis(pp. 93-118). Springer Berlin Heidelberg Mooney, M. and Slobodian, S., 2016. Seeing the wood for the trees: Fixing large undefined problems in digital marketing.Journal of Digital Social Media Marketing,3(4), pp.294-303 Shaikh, N., Siddiqui, M.E., Vasatkar, K., Jagtap, Y. and Sankpal, L.J., 2016. Social Media Marketing

Diets and Intestinal Health for Chronic Diseases - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theDiets and Intestinal Health for Chronic Disease. Answer: Risk of increase chronic diseases as a result of environmental factors such as diets and microbiota changes and mechanistic understanding of diets on intestine The human gut microbiota had been a very popular topic of research among the scientists. The normal gut microbiota affects the human physiology, metabolism, immune function and the nutrition (Albenberg and Wu. 2014). It has been found that the human gut micro biota helps the host by providing protection against the pathogen, it helps in nutrition, it helps to maintain the wholeness of the mucous membrane of the intestine. It plays an important role in the immune system by modulating the systemic immune cells. It has been found that the gut micro biota helps in the digestion of the complex carbohydrates. They are broken down by the enzymes secreted by the gut micro biota. Disruption in the gut microbiota may lead to irritable bowel movement, inflammatory bowel disease, which is characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. UC is characterized by inflammation and the ulceration in the lining of the stomach. Reports have suggested that it is due to the interaction between the host genetics and the microbial population of the gut. The inflammation can lead to chronic gastrointestinal diseases (Albenberg and Wu. 2014). It has been found that the gut microbiota regulates the intestinal physiology by altering the expression of the host gene. Disruption in the intestinal microbiota can be due to the diets. The silver nanoparticles used in the food industry can cause disruption in the microbiota. The dietary silver nano particles can harm the gut microbiota. Different forms of diet also help increase some chronic diseases like diabetes, heart diseases. Fatty foods lead to increased rate of cholesterol which can increase the chance of obesity, heart diseases. Diets rich in fatty foods may cause an increased level of the serum cholesterol level. Food rich is saturated fatty acid may have an increased risk of having heart attack. Diets rich in fats also increase the risk of colon and rectal cancers. Eating bread and other refined flour can increase the risk of developing diabetes. Packaged food containing trans fat also increases the risk of cholesterol and diabetes. Thus it can be concluded that a proper balanced diet can reduce the risk of the chronic illnesses. Food supplements like the probiotics can be consumed to maintain the gut micriobiota to ensure proper digestion, good immunity and health (Rajili?-Stojanovi? et al. 2015). Diets in general and how does it affect the intestinal health A good health is associated with a good healthy diet. A proper diet should contain all the essential nutrients in right quantity. A proper balance diet is the key to good intestinal health. A healthy diet should be able to provide the body with essential nutrients. It should contain adequate amount of the essential amino acids. It should contain the right amount of essential fatty acids, vitamins and minerals. The nutrients that are required for a good diet can be obtained for the plant sources as well as the animal sources (Power et al. 2014). A healthy diet ensures to meet the energy needs of the people. A healthy diet should be able to provide nutrition without any toxic effects. Diet will vary depending upon the age, sex and the profession in which he is in. For example, a labourer would need more calorigenic food than vitamins as he will be requiring more energy and strength to do his work; therefore he requires more carbohydrate type of food. Again a pregnant woman, a growing child and an elderly person would require more amount of proteinaceous food, as proteins is a body building food and it helps in the growth of the cells and helps in the repair of the damaged tissues of the body. A proper balanced diet reduces the risk of heart diseases, type 2 diabetes, cancer and many such chronic diseases. A poor diet can lead to many complications in our intestinal health. For intestine to function properly and have a proper bowel movement, diets should have enough dietary fibers (Power et al. 2014). Fibres serve as roughage and provide bulk to the intestinal content for a proper bowel movement. Increased constipation may increase the chance of the diverticular diseases. Diverticulitis can become complicated and increase the chance of hospital admission. Eating of fats and cholesterol containing food may increase the risk of gall stones. Furthermore foods like probiotics and xenobiotics helps in maintain the gut microbial flora which helps in maintaining the intestinal health (Goldsmith and Sartor. 2014). Thus it can be concluded that a healthy diet rich in dietary fibers can decrease the intestinal diseases, reduce weight, overall health and eventually giving a longer life. References Albenberg, L.G. and Wu, G.D., 2014. Diet and the intestinal microbiome: associations, functions, and implications for health and disease.Gastroenterology,146(6), pp.1564-1572. Goldsmith, J.R. and Sartor, R.B., 2014. The role of diet on intestinal microbiota metabolism: downstream impacts on host immune function and health, and therapeutic implications.Journal of gastroenterology,49(5), pp.785-798. Manichanh, C., Borruel, N., Casellas, F. and Guarner, F., 2012. The gut microbiota in IBD.Nature Reviews Gastroenterology and Hepatology,9(10), pp.599-608. Power, S.E., O'Toole, P.W., Stanton, C., Ross, R.P. and Fitzgerald, G.F., 2014. Intestinal microbiota, diet and health.British Journal of Nutrition,111(3), pp.387-402. Rajili?-Stojanovi?, M., Jonkers, D.M., Salonen, A., Hanevik, K., Raes, J., Jalanka, J., De Vos, W.M., Manichanh, C., Golic, N., Enck, P. and Philippou, E., 2015. Intestinal microbiota and diet in IBS: causes, consequences, or epiphenomena?.The American journal of gastroenterology,110(2), p.278.

A Legendary Super Bowl XLIX Party

A Legendary Super Bowl XLIX Party Even if you aren’t a big football fan, the Superbowl is about way more than just the Patriots and the Seahawks. This year’s Superbowl is the best excuse to turn February 1st into the most epic party you have ever thrown. All you need is some great food, some cool decorations, and a handful of grown-up party games to make this year’s Superbowl one that will live in infamy forever! Super(Bowl)snacks The most important thing for any good Superbowl party is the food. Of course, you’ll need to have wings and chips, but you need something spectacular to set your party apart from the competition. Consider some of these delicious options: Bacon-Wrapped Jalapeno Poppers All you need for this recipe is a half cup of cream cheese, a half cup of Sharp Cheddar, a few jalapenos, and a package of bacon. Mix your cheeses together and then cut your jalapenos in half, long-ways. Fill up the insides with the cheese mixture and close them up again. Wrap the up in bacon and pop those babies in the oven at 400 degrees for 15 minutes. Instant mouth party! Spicy Meatball Sliders These are so simple and delicious, you’ll be making them long after game day’s come and gone. Grab your favorite packaged meatballs – some of our favorites are Cooked Perfect by Home Market Foods (Walmart) and Armour Homestyle Meatballs (Sam’s Club) – and a can of your favorite marinara sauce. Then, grab a few mini-hamburger buns and a package of pepper-jack cheese. Warm up your meatballs and sauce while you toast your tiny hamburger buns in the oven or toaster. Put a meatball and a dab of sauce on each bun, then cover with a half slice of cheese. Voila! A perfectly delicious slider. Football Cake Pops It’s not really a party without cake. For your epic Superbowl party, make it even more fun with cake on a stick! All you need is a boxed cake mix, vanilla frosting, semi-sweet and white chocolate chips, and popsicle sticks. Just bake your cake as directed, then cool and crumble into small pieces. Mix the crumbles with  ½ cup of frosting and make into football shapes. Melt your bag of chocolate chips with 2 tablespoons oil. Then, spear your football cake balls and dip into the melted chocolate mixture. Let cool and drizzle melted white chocolate on top. They’re fast, delicious, and so adorable that everyone will be talking about them for weeks to come. Super(Bowl)style It doesn’t have to be expensive or difficult to make your dorm room or apartment the perfect pad for an unforgettable Superbowl party. All you really need is some creativity, some basic supplies, and a couple of hours! Yard Line Tablecloth Make your serving or coffee table look just like the football field in less than 10 minutes. Grab some brown wrapping paper, or old Christmas wrapping paper that has a white back. Then, cover your table with the plain side up. Now, use a ruler to mark out yard lines. This is great for discussing plays, playing finger football, and just making your room look cool. Astroturf Coasters Grab yourself some astroturf from ondecksports.com (about $1 per square foot), and cut out circles or football shapes to use as coasters. You can also use it for a doormat or accents on your serving table. Super(Bowl)fun One of the great things about the Superbowl is that it can be a lot of fun, even if you’re not a huge football fan. Whether you’re in it to win it, or you just want to have a couple of laughs, here are some epic Superbowl activities that will keep your party live all night long. Superbowl Taboo This is a really fun drinking game that will ensure your guests are invested in the game. When your guests arrive, hand each a card with a word, phrase, or action on it that is sure to be used throughout the evening. Then, as the game begins, have each guest read their card aloud. Then, as the word, action, or phrase is mentioned throughout the game, that person must drink. Some ideas include: Words: Penalty, Turnover, Green Bay, Seachickens, Colts Phrase: â€Å"That’s gotta hurt,† â€Å"Let’s see that one more time,† â€Å"What’s your major?† Actions: Kicker misses, A coach’s face turns rage-purple, A guest asks where the bathroom is Superbowl Bingo The commercials are often one of the best parts of a Superbowl, and you can use this to your party’s advantage. In this game, each guest gets a card with randomized Superbowl commercial terms on it. Then, as commercials are played, guests cross off and/or drink when one of their types of commercials is shown. Have some other party ideas to share? Or a great Super Bowl party story to tell? Write the comments below!

Free Essays on EMU (Economic And Monetary Union)

Early experiments The goal of Economic and Monetary Union was first proclaimed by the French president, Georges Pompidou, and the German chancellor, Willy Brandt, in 1969, immediately after President Charles de Gaulle's departure from the scene. The blueprint set out in the resultant Werner Report did not, however, succeed. France was unwilling to surrender more than a modicum of financial autonomy. Moreover, the collapse of the dollar-based Bretton Woods international monetary system in 1971, followed by an unprecedented rise in oil prices and global inflation, led to unstable foreign exchange markets in which no artificial attempt to link European currencies could have expected to survive without the sturdiest of political and institutional underpinnings. In 1977, four years after the demise of the Snake, EMU was relaunched by the Commission president, Roy Jenkins, supported by the next generation of French and German political leaders, Valà ©ry Giscard d'Estaing and Helmut Schmidt. The revised scheme, known as the European Monetary System, was designed to bring about a zone of currency stability in Europe through the Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM) and a new quasi-currency (not legal tender but usable in wholesale transactions) called the ECU, or European Currency Unit. The ERM came into effect in 1979. More sophisticated and more firmly backed by central banks than the earlier arrangements, it lasted more or less unscathed for some 12 years, although the ECU, whose value was based on a basket of currencies, did not match the strength of the D-Mark. The Maastricht era The ERM had initially been a flexible framework, with room for rate adjustments. But in 1989 a committee of central bankers and economists headed by Jacques Delors made recommendations for a concrete three-stage process of harmonising national economic policies, fixing exchange rates and finally adopting a single currency. From the Delors Report would spring the Maastr... Free Essays on EMU (Economic And Monetary Union) Free Essays on EMU (Economic And Monetary Union) Early experiments The goal of Economic and Monetary Union was first proclaimed by the French president, Georges Pompidou, and the German chancellor, Willy Brandt, in 1969, immediately after President Charles de Gaulle's departure from the scene. The blueprint set out in the resultant Werner Report did not, however, succeed. France was unwilling to surrender more than a modicum of financial autonomy. Moreover, the collapse of the dollar-based Bretton Woods international monetary system in 1971, followed by an unprecedented rise in oil prices and global inflation, led to unstable foreign exchange markets in which no artificial attempt to link European currencies could have expected to survive without the sturdiest of political and institutional underpinnings. In 1977, four years after the demise of the Snake, EMU was relaunched by the Commission president, Roy Jenkins, supported by the next generation of French and German political leaders, Valà ©ry Giscard d'Estaing and Helmut Schmidt. The revised scheme, known as the European Monetary System, was designed to bring about a zone of currency stability in Europe through the Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM) and a new quasi-currency (not legal tender but usable in wholesale transactions) called the ECU, or European Currency Unit. The ERM came into effect in 1979. More sophisticated and more firmly backed by central banks than the earlier arrangements, it lasted more or less unscathed for some 12 years, although the ECU, whose value was based on a basket of currencies, did not match the strength of the D-Mark. The Maastricht era The ERM had initially been a flexible framework, with room for rate adjustments. But in 1989 a committee of central bankers and economists headed by Jacques Delors made recommendations for a concrete three-stage process of harmonising national economic policies, fixing exchange rates and finally adopting a single currency. From the Delors Report would spring the Maastr...

Are we living in a therapy culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Are we living in a therapy culture - Essay Example The different types of general problems are also increasing for employees day by day. According to Furedi (2003), the therapy concepts are not linked with dilemmas that are peculiar or indifferent states of mind of the individuals. Therapy is being taken as dealing with dilemmas that are common and state of minds that are being observed in normal human beings on a usual basis. There was a time therapy was considered as typically being applied on some unique cases but now every human being is gradually becoming prone to therapies. The states such as depression, stress, anxieties that are general, different types of phobia, and shyness are some of the common problems that are faced by majority of the individuals (Howard 2005). The author Furedi (2003) also discusses that the individual experiences that are faced are being categorized as medical and psychological issues and this may directly relate with the emotional mind set of the individuals. Therapy concepts are not just visiting psychologists and having chat sessions with them, therapy is becoming an inbuilt concept in society that is making mandatory compulsions on individuals for remaining competitive in the society and cope up with realities of life. Therapeutic claim making has become one of the most interesting debates currently. Furedi (2003) suggests that individuals are mostly interested in acknowledgements that state that they need formal recognitions and approaches to cure themselves. The society pressurizes the individuals to consult psychologists and counsellors to have sessions and discuss about their problems so that their therapy sessions can start with them. Cameron (2000) argues in his book that people are ready to make therapy claims very easily by observing their conditions. It the psychological thought that they have developed that they may get well if they take up therapy sessions for

IMC Analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

IMC Analysis - Assignment Example As it can be seen in the videos, Coke’s big idea has been to set up interactive kiosks at different locations to spread and express the idea of happiness which the brand carries (Youtube, 2010; Coca-cola.com, 2012). The main purpose of Coke conducting these activations is to spread happiness in any form. This can be seen from the idea of Coke Happiness Machines which were installed in almost all major markets of Coke. Hence, Coke has successfully integrated its idea of giving spreading happiness through their brand activation campaigns (The Coca-Cola Company, 2009). In order to connect to the people, Coke revamps its packaging every now and then to engage the consumers with the brand. For example, in a CSR drive to save the Polar bears, Coca Cola revamped its packaging by adding Polar bears on the can for a specific period of time (The Coca-Cola Company, 2012). Besides this, to integrate their Super Bowl campaign which included commercials featuring Polar bears, Coke aimed to reduce its emissions by switching to hybrid trucks besides introducing biodiesel technologies (exploringpublicrelations.com, 2008). However, the main theme of this campaign was to save the Polar bears and not to create happiness as per its global brand value (exploringpublicrelations.com, 2008). Coke has been a long standing partner with soccer and to grab the opportunity of FIFA 2010, it gave a chance to consumers to win free tickets to FIFA through a lucky draw and even redesigned Coke Zero can to accommodate the scheme where the consumers would just need to look for the special can with a certain code which they would enter on the website www.cokezone.co.uk. They could even enter as many entries as they wished ((The Coca-Cola Company, 2009; The Coca-Cola Company, 2012). All of Coke’s endeavors were focused towards one common goal of giving people some

Technology Assessment Plan Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Technology Assessment Plan - Research Paper Example 1.2 IT Management Structure The IT management structures comprises of for management posts with hierarchical functional delegation flow from top down ward. The management consist of Chief Executive Officer (CEO) as Todd Hoppens; Chief Information Officer(CIO) as Jared Campbell; Chief Technical Officer (CTO) as Felix Yanez; and finally IT VP as Nicholas Williams. Apart from the management team, there are implementation teams or IT experts that execute the technology plan. A reporting chart 1.3 Technology Plan Goals A technology roadmap is a plan that complement short-term and long-term objectives with precise technology solutions to assist meet those goals or objectives. It is a strategy that is applicable to a new product or procedure, or to an up-and-coming technology. Technology is very dynamic and ToJa & FeNi Corporation cannot remain on business if they do not capture new innovation of chocolate production. The objective of this plan is to recognize the IT Infrastructure requirem ents for the next 2 years for ToJa & FeNi Corporation by providing (Bolan, & Cullin, 2007): An inventory of current technology assets. IT Infrastructure documentation identifying future needs. A prioritized plan, including a budget, for addressing these needs. 1.4 Plan Review The technology plan is a responsibility of the ToJa & FeNi Corporation management and IT department. The CEO, CIO, CTO and IT VP are responsible for the plan execution. Technological review and update must be done as soon as a new technology emerges. So the company must always budget for technology upgrade. Innovation subsection must be created to assess technologies emergence and advise the management with proper recommendation. 2 Executive Summary The technology plan strategy of ToJa & FeNi Corporation involves: defining the accessible technology strategy; identifying the requirement; design, develop and purchase necessary technology; implement and train the staffs; and finally maintaining and continue learni ng. Technology plan is essential for the growth of the business. By focusing on its strengths, its major customers, and the fundamental values necessary, ToJa & FeNi Corporation will augment sales progressively in its first two years after technology implementation, while also sustaining the gross margin on sales, with a focus on  cash management and working capital. This technology plan leads the way. It renovates the company’s vision and strategic focus: adding value to the target market share, and reinforcing connections with businesses in the local markets. It also provides the step-by-step plan for enhancing sales, production, gross margin, and profitability. Technology plan enhances the connection with relevant stakeholders through networking. Technology advances is the background and basis of any business progress thus the need for ToJa & FeNi Corporation to handle technology plan. The executive management must embrace the fact that technology is dynamic and need to be continues and planned for. Launched confectionary products are manufactured with the usage of the cut edge technologies. Modern high capability equipment,  strict devotion to the production technologies, only high excellence raw materials ensures

Global Burden of E-Waste: Health and Environmental Impacts

Global Burden of E-Waste: Health and Environmental Impacts Introduction E-waste or Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) is the term used to describe old, end-of-life or discarded appliances using electricity which includes computers, consumer electronics, fridges etc. that have been disposed of by their original users (Lundgren 2012). unfortunately, this definition is one of many because there is no standard definition of e-waste. Electrical and electronic waste (e-waste) is currently the largest growing waste stream in the glob due to rapid technology innovation, ever-shortening product lifespans and increase of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) consumption (Lundgren 2012). This growing has major health, environmental and economic impacts especially in developing countries. According to the United Nation Environment (UN environment), computers lifespan has decreased from six years in 1997 to two years in 2005 in developed countries (un environment 2017). Widmer et al., 2005 estimated that e-waste constitutes 8% of the total municipal solid waste. In 2014, the total e-waste generated worldwide was estimated to be about 41.8 million tons (t) with about 3-5% annual growth rate (Baldà © et al. 2014). Out of this, only (15%) 6.5 million tons has been reported to be formally treated (Baldà © et al. 2014; Heacock et al. 2016). Up to 80% of the e-waste that sent for recycling in developed countries are illegally transported to developing countries mainly in Africa, and Asia (Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management (SAICM) 2009). Countries such as US, Japan, China, India, and countries from the European Union are the main sources of e-waste (Baldà © et al. 2014). Unfortunately, most of developing countries receiving e-waste are not technologically equipped and usually use simple hazardous methods for recycling (Lundgren 2012). Accordingly, peoples health and environment in these developing countries are jeopardized (Smith et al. 2006; SAICM 2009). Recycling E-waste contains up to 60 different valuable metals that have been estimated to be equal to à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬48 billion (Baldà © et al. 2014; Namias 2013). BullionStreet (2012) stated that electronic industry consumes about 320 t of gold and 7500 t of silver every year and mining of e-waste could generate $21 billion each year. About 40% of this profits comes from in the printed circuit board that have a potential revenue of 21,200/t, while it is only form 3-6% of the total e-waste generated worldwide every year (Golev et al. 2016). At the same time, e-waste can generate more amount of metals comparing to the conventional mining operations using the same amount of power in both ways (Namias 2013). Also, Studies have revealed that the global ore grade are decreasing and mines are forced to excavate more complex and fine-grained ore deposits to meet the global metal need (Là ¨bre and Corder 2015). According to the electronics takeback coalition (2014), recycling 1 million cell phones can recover about 24 kg (50 lb) of gold, 250 kg (550 lb) of silver, 9 kg (20 lb) of palladium, and more than 9,000 kg (20,000 lb) of copper. Nonetheless, the run of mine ore needed to produce the same amount of metal is 10-160 times more than that of the waste mobile phones. Beside saving money, recycling can provide the same amount of metal with substantial less power intake compared to mine ore (Cui and Forssberg 2003). Consequently, it will lead significant reduction in the volume of gas emission due to new metal production. Economic Outcome Form economic standpoint, plays an important employment role in the recycling sectors of some low and middle-income countries such as China, India, Pakistan, Thailand, Ghana, and Nigeria (Lundgren 2012; Programme des Nations Unies pour lenvironnement 2011). For example, In Guiyu, China, the largest informal e-waste recycling location in the world, e-waste recycling provides jobs to almost 100,000 people as e-waste recyclers (Heacock et al. 2016; Lundgren 2012). With the similar throughput, 300-600 new treatment facilities will have to be developed in China to deal with the total generated e-waste from 2020 to 2030 that can potentially provide jobs to 30,000 people (Zeng et al. 2016). Health and Environmental Impacts Despite the economic benefits from recycling, e-waste processing has raised alarming environmental and health issues specially in developing countries. Where e-waste recycling sector is unregulated and unaccountable collecting, processing, and redistributing tends to be performed by workers at temporary sites, residences, crude workshops, and open public spaces. Informal recycling areas usually inhabited by poor people with scarce job possibilities and their main concern is feed themselves and their families; this primary concern predominates that for personal health and safety (The Lancet 2013). Recycling without protection exposes workers to many hazardous chemicals such as arsenic, cadmium, chromium, mercury, nickel, and lead (Lundgren 2012). The incineration of these chemicals release compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), poly-brominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans (PCDD/ Fs) gases that effect soil, atmosphere, and water (Hossain et al. 2015).The hazard from e-waste processing not only threatens operator health, but also, puts the health of people living nearby and next generations living in the surrounding areas in jeopardy (Liu et al. 2009). Toxins absorption and effects vary based on type and quantity of e-waste, length of exposure, methods processing, and physiological vulnerability, especially in pregnant women and children (Grant et al. 2013). People exposed to hazardous substances in e-waste through multiple routes, including food, water, air, and soil (Norman et al. 2013). There is high accumulative in the area where informal recycling locations have functioned for more than a decade (Chen et al. 2011). The impact of the hazardous substances from e-waste can spread beyond processing sites and into ecosystems (Sepà ºlveda et al. 2010; Zhang et al. 2010). For example, rice and dust samples collected from homes close to e-waste settings had almost double the maximum permissible concentrations of lead, cadmium, and copper (Zheng et al. 2013). An exposure of contaminated food such as rice plus inhaling lead through house dust situates children to high risk of neurotoxicity and adverse developmental effects (Zheng et al. 2013). Studies have linked exposure to such toxins with increases in spontaneous abortions, stillbirths, premature births, reduced birthweights, and birth lengths events (Liu et al. 2009; Wu et al. 2011; Wu et al. 2012). Also, physical growth indicators, such as weight, height, and body-mass index, were significantly lower in children living in the e-waste recycling town of Guiyu than in those living in the control area Liangying (Zheng et al. 2013). Environmentally, as mentioned earler, disposal of these chemicals/metals in landfills or by incinerating them can produce harmful effects to the environment (Heacock et al. 2016). The amount of cadmium exists in a cell phone battery have a potential to pollute 600m3 of water (Garlapati 2016). For example, the concentration of metals such as lead, copper and nickel that found in the discharge channel near Guiyu to Nanyang road and Chendiandian to Guiyu road in China were 400-600 times higher than that is expected from uncontaminated river sediments (Brigden et al. 2005). Similar results were obtained from formal recycling sites with elevated content of nickel, copper, lead, zinc and cadmium in Philippines (Yoshida et al. 2016). To conclude, the elevated level of hazard of e-waste show the importance of proper recycling techniques and safer recycling facilities that can reduce the risks related to the environmental and public health and safety issues. Also, future studies needed to assess the direct and indirect health cost of informal e-waste recycling, health and environmental impacts of the formal e-waste treatment. References Baldà © C, Wang F, Kuehr R, Huisman J. 2014. The global e-waste monitor. UNU-IAS: Bonn, Germany. Brigden K, Labunska I, Santillo D, Allsopp M. 2005. Recycling of electronic wastes in china and india: Workplace and environmental contamination. Greenpeace International, Amsterdam. Chen A, Dietrich KN, Huo X, Ho S. 2011. Developmental neurotoxicants in e-waste: An emerging health concern. Environ Health Perspect 119(4):431. Cui J, Forssberg E. 2003. Mechanical recycling of waste electric and electronic equipment: A review. J Hazard Mater 99(3):243-263. Garlapati VK. 2016. E-waste in india and developed countries: Management, recycling, business and biotechnological initiatives. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 54:874-881. Golev A, Schmeda-Lopez DR, Smart SK, Corder GD, McFarland EW. 2016. Where next on e-waste in australia? Waste Manage 58:348-358. Grant K, Goldizen FC, Sly PD, Brune M, Neira M, van den Berg M et al. 2013. Health consequences of exposure to e-waste: A systematic review. The Lancet Global Health 1(6):e350-e361. Heacock M, Kelly CB, Asante KA, Birnbaum LS, Bergman AL, Brune MN et al. 2016. E-waste and harm to vulnerable populations: A growing global problem. Environ Health Perspect 124(5):550-555; doi: 10.1289/ehp.1509699 [doi]. Hossain MS, Al-Hamadani SM, Rahman MT. 2015. E-waste: A challenge for sustainable development. Journal of Health and Pollution 5(9):3-11. Là ¨bre É, Corder G. 2015. Integrating industrial ecology thinking into the management of mining waste. Resources 4(4):765-786. Liu Q, Cao J, Li KQ, Miao XH, Li G, Fan FY et al. 2009. Chromosomal aberrations and DNA damage in human populations exposed to the processing of electronics waste. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 16(3):329-338. Lundgren K. 2012. The global impact of e-waste: Addressing the challenge. . Namias J. 2013. The future of electronic waste recycling in the United States: obstacles and domestic solutions. Norman RE, Carpenter DO, Scott J, Brune MN, Sly PD. 2013. Environmental exposures: An underrecognized contribution to noncommunicable diseases. Rev Environ Health 28(1):59-65. Programme des Nations Unies pour lenvironnement. 2011. Towards a Green Economy: Pathways to Sustainable Development and Poverty Eradication. :United Nations Environment Programme. Sepà ºlveda A, Schluep M, Renaud FG, Streicher M, Kuehr R, Hagelà ¼ken C et al. 2010. A review of the environmental fate and effects of hazardous substances released from electrical and electronic equipments during recycling: Examples from china and india. Environ Impact Assess Rev 30(1):28-41. Smith T, Sonnenfeld DA, Pellow DN. 2006. Challenging the Chip: Labor Rights and Environmental Justice in the Global Electronics Industry. :Temple University Press. Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management (SAICM). 2009. Background information in relation to the emerging policy issue of electronic waste. , Geneva. The Lancet. 2013. Electronic waste-time to take stock. The Lancet 381(9885):2223; doi: http://dx.doi.org.library1.unmc.edu:2048/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61465-8. Web.unep.org. March, 2017. E-Waste Management | Global Partnership on Waste Management. http://web.unep.org/gpwm/what-we-do/e-waste-management ed. . Wu K, Xu X, Liu J, Guo Y, Huo X. 2011. In utero exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and reduced neonatal physiological development from guiyu, china. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 74(8):2141-2147. Wu K, Xu X, Peng L, Liu J, Guo Y, Huo X. 2012. Association between maternal exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) from electronic waste recycling and neonatal health outcomes. Environ Int 48:1-8. Yoshida A, Terazono A, Ballesteros FC, Nguyen D, Sukandar S, Kojima M et al. 2016. E-waste recycling processes in indonesia, the philippines, and vietnam: A case study of cathode ray tube TVs and monitors. Resour Conserv Recycling 106:48-58. Zeng X, Gong R, Chen W, Li J. 2016. Uncovering the recycling potential of New WEEE in china. Environ Sci Technol 50(3):1347-1358. Zhang X, Luo X, Liu H, Yu L, Chen S, Mai B. 2010. Bioaccumulation of several brominated flame retardants and dechlorane plus in waterbirds from an e-waste recycling region in south china: Associated with trophic level and diet sources. Environ Sci Technol 45(2):400-405. Zheng J, Chen K, Yan X, Chen S, Hu G, Peng X et al. 2013. Heavy metals in food, house dust, and water from an e-waste recycling area in south china and the potential risk to human health. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 96:205-212.

Contemporary Issues in The Merchant of Venice Essay -- Merchant of Ven

Contemporary Issues in The Merchant of Venice       Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice is still relevant today because it deals with issues which still affect us. Throughout the play a distinction is made between how things appear and how they are in reality.   The issue of appearance versus reality is demonstrated in varied ways, mainly by the use of real-life situations.   The first representation of this is Shylock's generosity with his money and eagerness to make friends with Antonio when he says, "I say, to buy his favour, I extend this friendship," when all he wants is to take a pound of Antonio's flesh and end his life, "If I can catch him once upon the hip, I will feed fat the ancient grudge I bear him."   Shylock pretends to want to be friends with Antonio, but only wants revenge against the Jew-hater.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The choosing of the three caskets is used as the main explanation of appearance versus reality.   The suitor of Portia must choose either a gold, silver or lead casket, where the right choice will allow the suitor to marry her.   The Prince of Morocco, on choosing the beautiful gold casket with the inscription, "Who chooseth me shall gain what many men desire," sees the message, "All that glisters is not gold," and is thus turned away by Portia.   The Prince of Arragon, on choosing the silver casket with, "Who chooseth me shall get as much as he deserves," receives a fool's head, and is told that that is what he deserves.   Bassanio however, on correctly choosing the lead casket with the inscription, "Who chooseth me must give and hazard all he hath," says, "The world is still (constantly) deceived with ornament."   ... ...actions with one another throughout the play. Appearance versus reality is explored when Shylock pretends to be Antonio's friend, with the choosing of the caskets, and when Portia and Nerissa go to court in disguise to help out Antonio and Bassanio.   Racial discrimination is shown in depth with the confrontations of Antonio and Shylock.   Overall 'The Merchant Of Venice' explores both appearance versus reality and racial prejudice, which are two issues that still hold importance in present-day society.    Works Cited and Consulted    Barnet Sylvan.   "Introduction." The Merchant of Venice Ed. Sylvan Barnet.   New   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Jersey : Prentice-Hall Inc., 1970.   1-10.    Granville-Barker, Harley.   "The Merchant of Venice.   " Shakespeare Ed. Leonard F. Dean.   Princeton : Princeton University Press, 1947.   37-71.   

Edward II of England

Piers Soapstone is a major character of the play, â€Å"Edward II†. He is a minion of Prince Edward. He was banished by King Edward l, as his presence was proving dangerous for Prince Edward. Soon after the dead of king Edward l, he receives a letter from king Edward II asking him to come back to England. â€Å"My father is deceased, come Soapstone, And share the kingdom with thy dearest line of the play) The letter shows that the king has a great love for Soapstone since he asks him to come to â€Å"share the kingdom† with him. Soapstone is very happy at the conclusion of his banishment.He is excited to meet his friend overcoming all the physical hurdles. â€Å"Ah! Words that make me surfeit with delight! What greater bliss can hap to Soapstone Than live and be the favorite of a king! Sweet prince. I come; these, these thy amorous lines Might have enforced me to have swum from France. † (act 1 scene 1, lines 3-7) This soliloquy of Soapstone shows us how keen he is, to meet his friend. The dramatist reveals the relationship between king Edward II and Soapstone. It is believed that there was a homosexual relationship between soapstone and king Edward.So thou wouldst smile, and take me in thin arms. † The emotional letter of king Edward the II evokes strong emotions In the heart of Soapstone. He thinks that his love for the king Is as strong as Oleander's love for Hero. He becomes so impatient to meet the king, that he could even risk his life, if he didn't have any ship to ferry him immediately. He wants to come to England to be with his love, and not because of the city â€Å"Not that I love the city, or the men, But that it harbors him that I hold so dear- The king† He declares that he would love king Edward II even If the whole world hated him.Soapstone promises to bow only before the king, and not before the lordly peers. â€Å"My knee shall bow to none but to the king† This shows that the king holds a very special a s well as important position in the life of soapstone. He knows all the tastes and preferences of the king. He has a desire to give utmost pleasure to the king In all possible ways. All his plans show that he will provide sensual pleasure to the king In different ways. He Informs that he will get In entertain the king by â€Å"music and poetry'. He arranged for † Sweet speeches,COMEDIES, AND PLEASING SHOWS† to delight king Edward II. Some of his actors of â€Å"Italian masques† would be dressed â€Å"like sylvan nymphs† Andromeda of the actors playing the roles of â€Å"Satyrs† who would graze on the lawns with â€Å"goat feet†. All this shows the deep affections of Soapstone for king Edward II. The tastes of the king are fully reflected in the plans that Soapstone makes to delight and please him. Soapstone doesn't care about what the world says and thinks about his relationship with king Edward. He wants to return from his exile as soon as p ossible and spend laity time with his love.Despite the fact that he is hated and threatened by all the nobles, he continues his relationship with king Edward II. Soapstone belongs to a minority class. He has a homosexual relationship with king Edward II which was not accepted during that time. People having a man to man relationship were looked down upon by the society. This was the reason why king Edward had exiled Soapstone from England. Even after the return of soapstone, he was constantly threatened by the nobles and lords. He was always rejected by the society, so his life as centered around the person who loved him, that is king Edward II.Soapstone could even risk his life to be with him. Gavotte's harshness and rude behavior is seen in the conversation with the three poor men in the beginning. The prospect of being the most favored person of the king has turned his head. He has decided not to talk to the â€Å"multitude† of common persons and not to bow before the peer s. â€Å"Farewell base stooping to the lordly peers! My knee shall bow to none but to the king. ,† He decides to act as a high profile man, and ill-treats three ordinary people who want is help.Dismiss them, one of them, who is a soldier, curses him for treating him slightingly. He thinks that the common people are like â€Å"dying sparks† in the cold ashes. What he wants to say is that, the persons without entities are of no account to him, since their poverty will be of no avail. He would rather pay attention to the wind that touches his lips and flies away than to the person of insignificance. â€Å"As for the multitude , that are but sparks, Ranked up in embers of their poverty I'll fawn first on the wind That glance at my lips, and fleets away. †This shows the arrogant side of Soapstone. Soapstone is also betrayed as an evil genius. He does not want to mix with the common people as they are poor. This clearly shows his evil desires and the reason for being with king Edward II. He knows how to make use of other people which we see in his (aside) â€Å"I'll flatter these and make them live in hope†. Soapstone wants to take advantage of his authority and his mind starts manipulating strategies to have the king in his clutches so that he can do as he wishes. â€Å"musicians, that with touching of a string May draw the pliant king which way I please†Soapstone is cynically planning to trap the young monarch's mind . When he is the fore-front suggests his cunningness and his pretence of a true friend is seen when . soapstone is extremely selfish. He exploits the knowledge of the kings knowledge. He widens the rift between the king and the queen. Soapstone has influenced the king to such an extent that the king would provide him with all the luxuries and comforts, while ignoring his kingly duties. Piers has cultivated to perfection the art of flattery and he uses it at every step while dealing with his sole patron-the king.

The Tennis Serve Essays - Anatomical Terms Of Motion, Elbow, Serve

The Tennis Serve Essays - Anatomical Terms Of Motion, Elbow, Serve The Tennis Serve The tennis serve is the stroke that puts the ball in play and is often referred to as the most important stroke in the game of tennis. It has become a principle weapon of attack and is used to place the opponent on the defensive by forcing a return from the weak side or by moving the receiver out of position. A good strong serve can sometimes be the basis of winning a game of tennis. I have included eight picture sequences to illustrate the tennis serve. Represented in picture A is the stance of the serve. In this part of the serve, the person needs to take a position sideways to the net, about three or four feet to the right center mark behind the baseline. The left foot is two to three inches behind the line, the toes pointing toward the net post. The back foot is parallel to the baseline and spread conformably from the front. Pictures B and C represent the preparation phase. In these pictures, the execution of the ball toss is performed. The ball toss is the key to a well-executed serve: a good release consistently places the ball in the proper hitting position. A poor release can throw off timing and ultimately cause a bad serve. In pictures D-F the action phase is represented. In picture D of the action phase, the elbow reaches a position slightly higher than the shoulder, then the elbow bends and the racket head drops down behind the back into what is called the back scratching position. In picture E, the ball should be at its maximum height of the toss before striking it. In picture F, the last of the action phase, the movement of striking the ball is explosive in an upward and forward motion until contact Pictures G and H represent the follow through. In the follow through the action is performed up and out, not down, in the direction of the intended target area. The follow through is a natural continuation of the stroke. A good follow through will help prepare for the next step in approaching the net for a return. Kinematics is defined as the study of motion. It is compiled of different bodily planes and different joint motions. In the beginning of the serve, during the stance (picture A), the feet are outwardly rotated. The hips and the trunk are extended. The left shoulder is slightly flexed along with the right shoulder and the shoulder girdles are slightly abducted. Both of the wrists are pronated with the elbows slightly flexed. During the preparation (pictures B and C) the feet are still in an outwardly rotated position. The hips slightly abduct with the trunk still in full extension. The shoulders are abducted, with slight elevation of the shoulder girdle. Both elbows are extended, but the right wrist stays in a pronated position and the left wrist is supinated. During the action (pictures D-F) the right foot inwardly rotates along with it performing planter flexion but the left foot stays in an outwardly rotated position. The hips are adducted but then they shift to abduction. The trunk starts in hyperextension then get fully extended and slightly rotate to the left. Both knees flex but the left knee extends while the right knee stays flexed. The left shoulder goes from flexion to extension while the right shoulder performs high diagonal adduction. The left elbow goes from extension to flexion and the right elbow goes from flexion to extension. The left hand goes from supination to pronation while the right hand stays in a pronated position. Finally, during the follow through (pictures G and H) the left foot inwardly rotates along with some planter flexion. The right foot inwardly rotates and goes back to a naturally flat position. Both hips are flexed along with the flexion of the trunk and it's rotation. The left shoulder remains in an extended position but the right shoulder follows through with the high diagonal adduction, while both shoulder girdles perform abduction. The right elbow slightly flexes but the left elbow extends. The knees go from flexion to a greater degree of flexion. The kinematics of the tennis serve is a complicated thing, it consist of

Nature, Nurture, and Human Diversity Essays

Nature, Nurture, and Human Diversity Essays Nature, Nurture, and Human Diversity Paper Nature, Nurture, and Human Diversity Paper What makes you, you? Is who we are the result of our genes (nature) or is it the result of our upbringing (nurture)? Nature: the result of our genes Nurture: everything else other than genes, the culture you were brought up in, the country and family you were brought up In, the school you went to There Is an interaction between nature and nurture II. The Nature Component A. Genes: Our biological blueprint Our body is made up of millions of cells, in every cell, except egg and sperm, we have 46 chromosomes, 23 pairs We have thousands of genes, which are considered to be he basic unit of heredity Genes are segments of DNA that carry the Instruction that give an organism its traits or characteristics Different size of animals and people depends on a single gene (chromosome 1 5) Sometimes multiple genes (gene complexes) are responsible for something such as obesity Genes are made up of nucleotides There are four nucleotides: Adenine, Guanine, Thymine, Cytosine They always come in pairs, A with T and G with C The sequence determine what a gene will do and what It will not do Changing Just one letter In a sequence changes what the gene does Common analogy: chromosomes are like books, genes are the words in a book, and nucleotides are the letters in a book Human genome: we have roughly 30 thousand genes in our DNA They discovered based on the mapping of the human genome that every human on earth Is 99. 99% genetically similar to every other human being on earth Repartition of thee. 01% difference: 5% deference among races, 95% differences within a race Nature genetics, 2004: race does NOT exist biologically; there Is no white, black, Arab, Asian race, and it is just a social concept We share: 95-98% of our DNA with chimps, 0% of our DNA with mice, 50% of our DNA with bananas, 44% of our DNA with fruit flies B. Evolutionary Psychology Bal . What is Evolutionary Psychology (PEP)? Newest perspective in psychology, heavily influenced by Darnings principals of the Theory of Evolution According to Darwin, the mall goal Is to survive and to transmit (natural selection); many organisms die out due to survival of the fittest Survival of the Fittest: when there is a match between characteristics of organism and demands of the environment Evolutionary psychologists took the theories of Darwin to explain unman behavior; they study behaviors that are universal and common to all human beings; they study adaptive behaviors (adaptation is essential for survival) Any behaviors, traits, or emotions that our ancestors had are what we see in humans today We are in the post-antibiotic era, bacteria are smart 82. Application of PEP to Sexuality Surveys: men think more about sex, masturbate more, want sex more than women, are more likely to interpret friendliness as a come-on, and are more likely to make sacrifices for sex Clark and Hatfield (1978): recruited average-looking men and women o go around campus saying: Hey, Ive noticed you around campus, want to go to bed tonight? Different attitudes about sex: majority of women were offended, majority of men would say yes or why wait till tonight? According to PEP: both men and women have the same goal, but have different strategies to achieve the goal due to physiological differences It takes women 9 months to produce a baby, so relational sex enhances survival; it doesnt take men long to plant their seeds, so recreational sex is best strategy 83. Retinue of PEP Professors Critique: this is offensive because most men, like most women, want to be n healthy relationships There are at least 18 societies today that encourage women to have multiple partners because they believe that a child can have multiple fathers (women in these societies are less likely to have a miscarriage, women with multiple partners were more likely to have children that made it to age of 15 years) How evolutionary psychologists explain gender differences in sexuality: Peps theorize that women have inherited their ancestors tendencies to be more sexually cautious because of the challenges associated with incubating and nurturing offspring, whereas men inherited an inclination to be more casual about sex because their act of fathering requires a smaller investment Three main criticisms of the evolutionary explanation of human sexuality: (1) it starts with an effect and works backward to propose an explanation, (2) unethical and immoral men could use such explanations to rationalize their behavior toward women (3) this explanation may overlook the effects of cultural expectations and colonization C. Behavior Genetics CLC . Introduction Behavior genetics: a field of study where the main goal and purpose is to determine he extent to which differences between individuals are due to genetics; Bags are interested in INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES Why we differ and how genes affected this: see below Q. -ret studies Minimization (Identical) Twins: one sperm fertilizes one egg and then the egg splits, always the same gender, and 100% genetically similar Dogmatic (Fraternal) Twins: two different eggs fertilized by two different sperms, can be same or opposite sex, 50% identical twins should be more similar on this trait than fraternal twins 1 identical twin has Alchemists, other twin has 60% chance fraternal twin has Alchemists, other twin has 30% chance 1 identical twin divorces, other has 5. 5% chance 1 fraternal twin divorces, other has 1. % chance studies find that identical twins are more similar than fraternal twins in extroversion (outgoingness) and neurotics (emotional instability) MAKE LIST OF GENETIC COMPONEN TS AND OTHER COMPONENTS Genetic components: extroversion, neurotics, agreeableness, personality traits, temperament (emotional excitability) Other components: attitudes, values, manners, faith, politics Criticism: these twins have similar environments, they come into this oral at the same time, are exposed to the same things, same home, same school, maybe this is why they are similar Solution: started studying twins who were separated and reared apart; identical twins who are reared apart are more similar than fraternal twins who are reared apart Boucher et Al. : studied over 100 twins, results indicate that for certain traits there is a genetic component Conclusion: identical twins reared together are more similar to each other than identical twins reared apart; identical twins are more similar to each other (reared together or apart) than fraternal twins (reared together or apart) CO. Adoption Studies Rationale: we have one adopted child with two sets of parents biological and ad optive parents Clear evidence to indicate that adopted children, when it comes to personality, are more similar to their biological parents, even if they have never met them, than they are to their adoptive parents (personality has a strong biological component) CREATE TWO COLUMNS: BIOLOGICAL PARENTS VS ADOPTIVE PARENTS faith, politics CO. Family Studies Rationale: family members are more genetically similar to each other than strangers, if a trait has a genetic component to it then family members should be more similar n that trait than strangers are Within a family we have different degrees of genetics, therefore if a trait has a genetic component to it, then family members who are ore similar to each other genetically should be more like each other then family members who are less genetically similar to each other Regular siblings: 50% Parents and children: 50% Grandparents and grandchildren: 25% 1st cousins: 12. 5% CO. Temperament Studies Definition: a temperament is your typical emotional reactivity (the way you respond to life) and the typical intensity of that response. Do you respond with fear and anxiety? Or are you excited and bold? Or are you shy? Temperament is a component of personality, has a genetic component Babies come to this world equipped with a temper; four different types of temperaments: Easy babies (40%): positive emotions, Slow-to-warm babies (1 5%): shy, guarded in their expression, takes the awhile to adapt to new environments and strangers Difficult babies (10%): strong emotional reactions, fussy, cry a lot, patterns are unpredictable and irregular, not easy to soothe Physiological studies show that difficult babies have a more erred up/aroused nervous system Combination babies (35%): sometimes easy, sometimes difficult, moieties shy, sometimes bold Twin studies indicate that identical twins are more similar in their temperament than fraternal twins Temperament seems to endure, and stay stable throughout time Through nurture we can modify and reshape temperament; parenting does make a difference CO. Heritability Definition: the percentage of variation within a given population that is due to heredity (the degree to which differences between/amongst individuals are due to genetics) h2o = heritability coefficient (heritability can be quantified by a heritability coefficient) h2o = Variances / (Variances + Overcompensation) 2 varies between O and 1 If h2o = 0. 0 no genetic influence If h2o = 1. 0 all variance is due to genetic influence If h2o = 0. 4 40% genes (60% environment) if h2o = 0. 6 60% genes (40% environment) Points to know and remember about heritability: Sometimes for the same trait, different studies come up with a different h2o (due to environment) When environment is similar, h2o will be higher When environment is different, h2o will be lower Just because individual differences are heritable, it does NOT necessarily mean that differences between races, gender, generations are heritable CO. Nature and Nurture Interaction Just because you have inherited a gene does not mean that this gene is going to affect you, this gene may remain dormant for the rest of your life, genes MAY need the environment to turn them on, this is not always the case Self-regulating: the same gene will act differently in a different environment Both male and female rats have a gene that makes them very nurturing and loving towards baby rats, however this does not turn on till they can hear, see, and smell the baby rat We dont Just transmit genes to our offspring, we transmit the pattern of activation as well The environment is one of the most important factors influencing gene Genome Pigment: tells a genome to activate/turn on/turn off Methyl groups: chemicals that, when present, inactivate/silence a gene Acetate groups: tell the gene to turn on, express itself Epigenetic (simplified definition): study the factors that influence/affect gene expression with affecting DNA Epigenetic studies the mol ecular mechanisms by which environments trigger genetic expression; study of environmental factors that affect how our genes are expressed (life experiences beginning in the womb lay own epigenetic marks, organic methyl molecules, that can block the expression of any gene in the associated DNA segment) D. Behavior Genetics Definition: a field of research where scientists are trying to identify the genes to heart disease and everyone has heart disease except for a few people, study one person who has it and one person who doesnt; find the gene that varies and youll know which gene is responsible for high cholesterol and heart disease. Relevance to psychology: we study both mental illness and mental health and part of helping people become healthy is knowing which genes we need to fix; intervention, revelation, therapy. Promises and dangers: dangers if employers can tell that you have heart disease or something they may fire you, if parents can tell their baby is going to have a problem they may abort it; promises they can go into the chromosome and snip the gene that is problematic. Midterm Question Use one of the principles of evolutionary psychology to answer the following question: Each one of us has 4 grandparents. Using the principles of evolutionary psychology which one of those grandparents is going to spend the most time, money, energy and resources on you. Ill. The Nature Component A. Prenatal Development The baby in the womb is very well protected, however this protection is not 100%, the baby remains vulnerable in the womb because lots of germs and infections can pass through the placenta; this baby can be harmed due to mothers environment (living near a nuclear plant) or mothers diet (the food she is eating). Even though twins, identical and fraternal, share the same womb, they may not be sharing the same environment. Example: one twin may be getting the better nutrition, better protection from viruses, better blood and oxygen supply. Fraternal twins have different lactates, identical twins can have the same or different placentas; identical twins with different placentas are less similar to each other than identical twins who share the same placenta. Marked for life (? ): what happens in the womb can influence and effect our life later on; cancer, blood pressure and heart diseases all could have been rooted in nutrition of the mother when she was pregnant. Two twins in the womb touch each other and are aware of each others presence, this brings up the question of when does awareness begin? B. Experience and Brain Development Bal . Experience Facilitates Brain Development Nurture is essential and vital for proper brain development They need stimulation, proper nurture, to hear sounds and feel touch for proper brain development 82. Experience Changes the Brain For the longest time researchers believed that when the brain reaches maturity it will stay the same until it gets hit by diseases and begins to deteriorate However, we learned that even after the brain reaches maturity it continues to change through experience; learning new skills could cause your brain to change for the better: if you start taking new drugs and are always stressed that will change the brain for the ores They took a bunch of rats and treated them the same until they were 70, then they divided them into two groups: poor rats and rich rats; the poor rats were stuck in a cage and Just given food and water, the rich rats were given food, water, big cages, freedom to interact with each other, new toys to explore all the time; at 90 they killed the rats and studied the brains, realizing the rich rats brains developed more. C. How Much Credit or Blame do Parents Deserve? Abusive, neglected children who become neglectful, etc. In personality mea sures, shared environmental influences from the womb onward typically account for less Han 10% of childrens differences; two children are (apart from their shared genes) as different as two random children. Parents should be given less credit for kids who turn out great and blamed less for kids who dont; children are not easily sculpted by parental nurture. D. Peer Influence Definition: individuals who are the same age or have the same level of maturity as us It is clear to researchers that peers are important to ones life (peers go all the way back to infancy) If one does not have peers, they create imaginary ones because peers are needed Children who are bullied or rejected by their peers end up being pressed and may kill themselves in the future As we age we interact with peers more and more; growing interaction with friends leads to growing influence by peers such as music taste, the way you dress Peers and risk-taking behavior: children and young teenagers are more likely to have risk-taking behavior when their peers also take risks or if they think their peers are taking risks; is it selection of friends? Parents also influence us Lifestyle choices: your parents choose what neighborhood you live in, what school they put you in The quality of parent-child interaction influences and effects the laity of peer-child interaction; for example, boys who bully others are more likely to have parents who are aggressive and dominate them, boys who get bullied are more likely to have parents who are overbearing and protective of them Advice: you are affected by the advice parents give you about relationships, life, or anything else Bottom line: parents and peers both influence you by distinct and complementary MAKE A CHART: PARENTS INFLUENCE VS PEER INFLUENCE E. Culture Definition: the enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, values, and traditions shared by a group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next Norm: an understood rule for accepted and expected behavior; norms prescribe proper behavior When we dont understand whats accepted or expected, we may experience culture shock; two great culture shocks are the differing pace of life and peoples differing senses of punctuality Cultures vary and compete for resources, and thus evolve over time; many changes have occurred since 1960 There have been positive changes (middle-class people travel more, eat out more, women have economic independence) and negative changes (increase in divorce, depression, and work hours); we cannot explain these rapid culture changes by changes in the unman gene pool; cultures vary, change, and shape our lives Individualism: giving priority to ones own goals over group goals and defining ones identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications; behavior reflects ones personality and attitudes, confrontation acceptable Collectivism: giving priority to the goals of ones group (often ones extended family or work group) and defining ones identity accordingly; behavior reflects social norms and roles, harmony valued V. The Nature and Nurture of Gender (Not on first midterm, but definitely on final exam) Men Women Tend to feel better about their appearance Four times more likely to commit suicide or suffer alcohol dependence More often diagnosed with color-blindness, autism, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (as children), and antisocial personality disorder (as adults) In surveys, men admit to more (direct, physical) aggression than do women Male-to-female arrest ratio for murder is 9 to 1 in the United States and 8 to 1 in Canada Express more support for war (hunting, fighting, and warring are primarily mens activities) Perceived as being more dominant, forceful, and independent (place more importance on power and achievement) Tend to be more direct, even autocratic Talk assertively, interrupt, initiate touches, stare more, smile less, apologize less Boys typically play in large groups with an activity focus and little intimate discussion Male answer syndrome: men are more likely than women to hazard answers rather than admit they dont know Part of the parietal cortex (key area for space perception) is thicker in men Tend to f eel better about their behavior and ethics The average woman enters puberty two years earlier, lives five years longer, carries 70 percent more fat, has 40 percent less muscle, and is 5 inches shorter Can become sexually re-aroused immediately after orgasm Smell fainter odors Express emotions more freely Offered help more often Doubly vulnerable to depression and anxiety, risk of developing eating disorders is 10 times greater Women are perceived as being more deferential, nurture, and affiliated Tend to be more democratic, more welcoming of subordinates input in decision making Girls usually play in smaller groups, often with one friend (play is less competitive than boys and more imitative of social relationships) Females are more open and responsive to feedback than are males Females are more interdependent than males Women are more likely to tend and befriend (are more open with each other, desire intimacy) Parts of the frontal lobe (involved in verbal fluency) are reportedly thicker in women Gender similarities and differences 2 of the 46 chromosomes are sex chromosomes; these sex chromosomes determine whether a baby is genetically male or female The major sex chromosomes are X and Y; mother always contributes an X, father can contribute an X or Y (i f he contributes a Y the baby is male, X the baby is female) If the baby only ends up with one chromosome and it is an X the baby can survive but will have trouble later in life; if the baby only ends up with a Y it cannot survive and is terminated immediately in the mob There is a gene on chromosome Y called UDF that kicks in at 7 months in the womb, forming testes and testosterone (for female babies the absence of testosterone leads to the development of female body parts) Hormones influence and Female rats or monkeys: if injected with testosterone when they are pregnant the female babies behave like the males of the species, going after women and being more aggressive Human cases: the girls are more tomboyish, they dont like Jewelry and dolls, they like guns and like to play war; the bodies of men who are genetically male produce testosterone but their cells dont respond to testosterone, so their dies dont develop male genitalia and they become more like girls Normal hormone leve ls = average women Higher levels of progesterone = more feminine Higher levels of testosterone = more masculine The role of culture and society Parents describe their baby girl as being delicate, little, sweet; they describe baby boys as being firm, strong, and well-coordinated Medically, there are not differences in strength, alertness, and coordination between baby boys and girls Study: a baby boy was dressed in pink (parents held the baby for a long time, walked and rocked the baby, gave the baby teddy bears and bunnies to play with, cooed the baby) then he baby was dressed in blue (parents gave the baby a truck and hammer to play with, held the baby for a bit, then put him on the floor and encouraged him to start to crawl). Gender identity: a strong sense of being male or female Gender roles: expectations from society linked and associated with being a male or female; these gender roles vary from one culture to the next Gender typed: adopting a traditional masculine role or a traditional feminine roll There are many theories in psychology attempting to explain gender Social learning theory: we learn about a gender through observation, we learn through modeling, we have a role model and e imitate that role model, we learn through observation, modeling, rewarding and punishing Gender schema theory: they do accept what social learning theory is, saying yes there is observation, modeling, rewarding and punishing, but they take it several steps further; children are not learning passively, rather they are actively taking this information, drawing conclusions about this information, and they organize it into boys, girls, men, and women; those schemes become a rule in their life.

Operations and Quality MBA TMA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Operations and Quality MBA TMA - Essay Example n, including engine test cells, two foundries in Worchester 50 miles west of Northampton and a low volume engine plant at Wellingborough (Kimbereley, 2000). The Company has occupied the Northampton base since 1964, with a staff of about 425 and offers technologically advanced engine design, manufacture and test equipment (Ciber, 2005). The Company’s rich and varied history is set to continue, with activities as diverse as Racing, Aerospace, Medical equipment design and Confidential Consultancy work as part of the company profile. (Cosworth, 2007). Cosworth Ltd has introduced CIBER SAP’s All-in-one solutions in order to enhance the efficiency of their business operations. The Company was operating earlier with a disparate MRP system that contained a plethora of bespoke products and several old fashioned proprietary applications, which were not dynamic and did not provide real time data (Ciber, 2005). The goals of the new SAP implementation process that has been carried out at Cosworth is to reduce costs, cut down on wastes, establish best practices and improve the overall system performance (Ciber 2005). The SAP system will also allow for increased flexibility and improvements in reporting and planning. According to Jeremy Hill, the Head of business systems at Cosworth, the biggest advantage offered by the introduction of SAP systems at Cosworth is the facility to share documents, since earlier, there was no coordinated policy and facility to share documents with documents and designs being faxed and needing reassembly at the other end or being sent around on CDs, while the new e-service has helped in the delivery of an efficient and responsive customer service (Clark, 2006). The All-in-one SAP application also allows for the establishment of cross company synergies and an end to end data supply system, ensuring that there is improved reporting and decision making across the organization. (CIBER, 2005). This report will examine the Sales processes at

Final project proposal Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Final project proposal - Assignment Example al., p13). Internationalization theory postulates that production by one company as opposed to many companies is much beneficial and this is one of the major reasons why most company would rather extend its operations to different location (internationationalization). (Bayraktutan& Yusuf, 23) In providing accounts why internationalization has survived in unlikely environment, suggests that technological transfer among the Multinational Corporations has played a key role in that, most of the developing countries are not able to access modern technologies that are associated with large production. This makes it possible for the Multinational Enterprises (MNE) to get access to such developing nations because of their financial muscles. The objective will be followed by the inquiry which deals with the question of how these companies should behave in terms of entry mode, subsidiaries, activities performed. The paper especially has the purpose of assessing how Multinational Enterprises deal with uncertainty once the decision of establishing an FDI has been reached. Casillias, J./ Moreno, A./ Acedo, F./ Gallego, M./ Ramos, E. (2009): An integrative Model of The Role of Knowledge in The Internationalization Process, in: Journal of World Business, 2009-07, Volume 44, Issue 3, pp.

Individual Management Enhancement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Individual Management Enhancement - Essay Example trying to figure out how this environment changes at my work place and realised that technological rapid change leads to frustrations and affects worker’s productivity. Recently, all the data in my bank was digitized and therefore, staff had to be moved and shifted to departments which could accommodate better their skills. Others had to be sent for retraining and refreshment on the way they could work in a digitized environment. Aware that change management requires thoughtful planning and sensitive implementation, I sought to consult and involve colleagues who were affected. I therefore, embarked on finding out their challenges and what the change in environment could mean for their future career. I interviewed five colleagues at work and also reviewed some empirical evidence of past rapid and massive changes. I also revisited handouts that gave me insight into the area of environmental and process change management at work. I received an interesting feedback from my respondents regarding their experiences with change in environment and process at work. They specifically pointed at the worrying trends in IT department where I belong and saw it as forced, though inevitable environmental change in all departments in a company. They also reported that even if technological environmental change from technological shift is inevitable, it comes with problems. These observations are applicable in any company regardless of the business. The following are best practices when it comes to environment and process at work place: It was important to get feedback from top management concerning the issue of being realistic. Khalid Roshan reported that although this is not noticed by many workers, he is actually the most affected by the digitization process in our company and that this is the first point of being realistic. In this case, Khalid Roshan was quick to give a professional advice that when effecting change, one has to be â€Å"realistic and set measurable and

Assessment and Learner Essay Example for Free

Assessment and Learner Essay * It is important to understand and identify any particular needs the learner may have so they are able to learn to the best of their ability and get the most out of the qualification. Ensuring they receive the best quality learning can help them achieve their best. * Keeping track of what the learner has learnt is important so there is no repetition and they are learning new topics all the time. This will also contribute to how well the learner takes on new information and what they get from that. * Summative assessment is important to make sure the learner understands what is being taught and they understand any learning outcomes. 1. 2 * Assessments used as a process of making judgements are very important as they help us measure where the learner is at in a number of different ways. These can help us as assessors ensure out learners are learning at the right stage and to the right criteria. * Validity – the state or quality of being valid. To question the validity of the argument. (dictionary. com) it can also mean Validity in assessment refers to measuring what it says it is measuring, be it knowledge, understanding, subject content, skills, information, behaviours, etc. see more:identify ways of supporting an individual to make informed choices (http://www. saqa.org. za/docs/critguide/assessment/ch03. pdf) * Reliability – the ability to be relied on or depended on as for accuracy, honesty or achievement. (dictionary. com) it can also mean Reliability in assessment is about consistency. Consistency refers to the same judgements being made in the same, or similar contexts each time a particular assessment for specified stated intentions is administered. (http://www. saqa. org. za/docs/critguide/assessment/ch03. pdf) * Having the learner gather evidence can help in the decision making for the assessor in many different ways. One of which is to ensure the learner is doing the work and is kept up to date. * Evidence being authentic, current and sufficient is important for the learner to get the best from the course and to ensure they are completing their own work and it is up to date with the relevant qualification. * It is important for everyone to get an equal chance of getting an objective and accurate assessment. This can help both the assessor and learner as they can be sure to promote fairness and objectiveness. * The importance of transparency for the learner. 1. 3. * Understanding and applying the standards and requirements is important as these are in place for the assessor and learner to gain the most from the qualification and to give them piece of mind that they are receiving the best education. * Planning ahead is important as understanding what stage the learner is at can help to prepare for the next meeting. This can also help the learner prepare too. * Communication of every aspect of the qualification is important as it can help the assessor and learner keeps track of progress and where they need to go next. * Carrying out assessments is important to keep track of the learner’s progress and to keep on track of how they are performing. This can also identify any needs/requirements the learner may have. * Comparing evidence can help to ensure the learner is meeting the set standards and also to ensure the set standards are of the best quality. * Making assessment decisions can help the learner move onto the next task or meet any needs the learner may have. * Recording assessments is important as it can help other verifiers check that the assessor is delivering the correct standards to the learner. * Providing feedback can help the learner understand what worked, what didn’t, where can they do better and how can they do that. 1. 4 * The general requirements for assessment’s need to be identified and acknowledged. This can be done by simple research and reading. * Understanding which documents and where to find them is important as these must be adhered to. This is also important for the assessor as they need to know how and what to asses. 2. 1 * Understanding different types of assessment methods is highly important. These assessment methods give you a wide range of results when looking at students and their work. Comparing these and discussing their pro’s and cons is also important to find out what is best for your particular student and what they are particularly studying. 3. 1 * Understanding how to plan an assessment can be easily done with the right amount of preparation. Ensuring you have all the right resources and equipment beforehand will help you and your student feel at ease. You must summarise key factors when planning to make sure you get the correct outcome. Some of the factors to include are which standards and criteria to look at, type and volume of evidence, choice of particular assessment method amongst others. Using this simple planning and preparation technique will give you and your student the best outcome. 3. 2 * Using a holistic approach can help you and your student get the most efficient and effective collection of evidence. This evidence may also be used in other units or work. Identifying how the learner integrates their knowledge and understanding is important as it helps you see how they put their research into practice and what they learn from it. All of the above can help your student get the most out of their particular qualification. 3. 3. * Applying holistic assessment is important as you need a variety of required evidence to ensure your outcomes are met. This is important when you are planning an assessment so you can get the correct information to make sure the student is learning and practicing the right knowledge and understanding. Holistic assessment is used to judge the overall picture in the assessment practice. Historically NVQ assessments where carried out unit by unit . An Holistic assessment is more efficient because an assessor can capture multiple criteria outcomes and not just focus on one element . 3. 4 * There are many risks involved when thinking about doing an assessment. These must be looked at to ensure the assessment runs smoothly. Some of these risks include; Health and Safety, unnecessary stress on the learner and potential for unfairness to the learner amongst others. These must be avoided to ensure the learner gets a fair assessment and the assessor gets the right results. If these are not adhered to the learner may feel uncomfortable and the assessment will not be accurate. 3. 5 * Minimizing risks must be thought about while planning the assessment. How to do this can be done by visiting where the assessment will take place, speaking to the learner and the employer. 4. 1 * Involving others in assessments can help both the learner and the assessor. This can help in a number of ways including; putting knowledge into practice; the learner can show how their reading and research can be used in practice. The learner can also show how they understand what they are being assessed on and how they understand the criteria is marked. 4. 2 * Any information and resources should be available to the learner to help them understand what is of expected of them and how the assessor should behave. This will also help the learner understand the criteria that will be looked at, any arrangements that need to be made, how feedback will be given and the use of any assessment outcomes and records. These being available to the learner can help them prepare for the assessment and perform to the best of their ability. 4. 3 * Peer and self-assessment can be used to help the learner look at what they have done, what worked, what didn’t, what can they do to improve and how they can improve it. This is a very useful tool as learners are most critical of themselves. Learners can also learn from each other and what they do. 4. 4 * Meeting needs is highly important to ensure learners are all treated fairly. Any arrangements can be made easily by contacting the employer or speaking with the learner beforehand. 5. 1 * Making assessment decisions is very important. Understanding them is even more important as there are factors about the learners work that need to be assessed and the assessor needs to make sure the work is true. Making sure the learners work is valid, current, authentic and sufficient can be done by ensuring you follow guidelines given, by carrying out assessments and by having witness statements of the work carried out. 5. 2 * making sure any assessment decisions made are fair, reliable, valid and in accordance with specified criteria is important so the assessor and learner understands what is expected of them and that they are doing the right things. 6. 1 * Standardisation meeting Ensure consistency and fair assessment. To maintain quality of assessment procedure To ensure assessors are consistent To gain up to date knowledge of quality and what is new in assessment Unit 302 6. 3. * If a learner has a dispute with your assessment decision, they have a right to appeal against that decision and you need to let your learner know the name of the Centre Co-Coordinator Stacey Prendergrast 7. 1 * Assessment Data will be stored on NLA data base and learner assessment plans will be on going throughout the qualification 7. 2 * Assessment plans with each learner, praise and feedback when a learner has achieved a unit and it gives your learner motivation 8. 1 * This is related to data protection and securing learners details which are all in place at NLA, like data of birth , national insurance numbers etc 8. 2 * Include how current technology benefits the assessment process ie carrying out a professional discussion and recording it on mp3 validates the assessment or video evidence captures live observations 8. 3 * How can you manage equality in assessment and what barriers might you come across with race, culture religion 8. 4 * It is best practice to reflect on your own assessment process, what have you learned so far through your research, what you would like to introduce, tell me about your appraisal and your professional development.

My Goal - A Career in the Computer Industry :: Personal Narrative Writing

My Goal - A Career in the Computer Industry To have a goal, you must first find one to pursue. Then, you must decide on the steps necessary to reach that goal and proceed to complete those steps. Ultimately, after all your steps are finish, you will achieve your goal. The goal I pursue is that of becoming a self-employed web designer, and I have decided on, and implemented, many steps needed to reach that goal. Having started college, I have begun an important step towards my goal. However, I decided on many of the steps years before I started college. Growing up, I strongly desired a career in the computer industry. I enjoyed working with almost anything related to the computer field, but I was not sure specifically which area of this broad field I would enjoy most. Though my interests were so extensive, I found myself strongly leaning towards computer graphics. I decided to pursue a career in web design, an area with a great demand for imaging skills, as well as a diversity and abundance of job opportunities. After deciding on my goal, I started to research what my next steps should be. The first step was to choose a degree pertaining to web design and to find a college that offered this degree. I decided to obtain a Computer Science (CS) degree, as it covered a broad area of computer study. I researched colleges within the state of Montana, in order to avoid the costs of out-of-state tuition, and found two colleges that looked promising: Montana Tech in Butte, and Montana State University (MSU) in Bozeman. Before deciding which to attend, I took nine credits at Carroll College in Helena and three credits at the Helena College of Technology to get a head start in my CS program. I tried to take classes that would transfer into both Montana Tech and MSU, but in the end, MSU would not accept all of my classes. This fact, combined with scholarship incentives, aided my decision to attend Montana Tech in pursuit of a CS degree. Having started college, I have begun the next step towards achieving my goal, but not without complications. Although I remained in the CS program for much of the first semester, I switched degrees about two-thirds of the way through. I found that I would be learning mostly computer programming in the CS degree and would not learn many useful skills pertaining to my goal.